Last updated Nov 29, 2025
aieconomy
Within roughly the next 1–2.5 years from April 2023 ("five quarter ten" timeframe), the effective cost of performing white‑collar knowledge work, when leveraging AI tools, will fall by about 90%, to roughly 10% of its previous level.
I don't know, I think everything's going to cost about ten. All this knowledge work is going to be 10% as expensive to do. I don't think it's 10% less Chamath or you know, I think it's like 90% $0.10 on the dollar to knowledge work.View on YouTube
Explanation

Across the April 2024–roughly October 2025 window Jason pointed to (“five quarter ten”), there is no evidence that the effective cost of white‑collar knowledge work broadly fell by about 90% (to 10% of its prior level) due to AI.

Evidence from firm- and task-level studies:

  • A Stanford/MIT field experiment on a large customer-support operation found that giving agents a generative‑AI assistant raised productivity about 14% on average (up to ~35% for the least‑skilled), implying on the order of a ~10–25% effective labor‑cost reduction for that task, not 90%. (cnbc.com)
  • A synthesis by the Penn Wharton Budget Model, summarizing multiple real‑world gen‑AI deployments, reports task‑level labor cost savings in the 10–55% range, with an average of roughly 25%, and projects those savings might rise toward 40% over coming decades—still far from a 90% reduction. (budgetmodel.wharton.upenn.edu)
  • A controlled experiment with ~750 BCG consultants using GPT‑4 showed about 40% performance improvement on certain knowledge‑work tasks, again implying substantial but nowhere‑near‑10x cost improvements, and only for specific task types, not all white‑collar work. (bcg.com)

Adoption and average impact across workers:

  • A Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis study using late‑2024 survey data finds that only about 21.8% of U.S. workers used generative AI in the previous week; among those users, reported time savings averaged 5.4% of work hours, and when averaged over all workers, the gain was only 1.4% of total hours—orders of magnitude away from a 90% cost collapse. (stlouisfed.org)
  • PwC’s 2025 Global Workforce survey reports that as of 2025 only 14% of workers use gen‑AI daily, with about half of workers having used AI at all in the prior 12 months, underscoring that intensive AI leverage is still limited to a minority of the workforce. (pwc.com)

Macro productivity data:

  • U.S. nonfarm business labor productivity—a broad proxy for output per hour—rose 1.2% in 2023 and then around 2–3% in 2024, far from the ~900% jump in efficiency that would accompany a 90% drop in effective labor cost for most white‑collar work. (bls.gov)

Taken together, current evidence suggests:

  • Generative AI has produced meaningful but incremental productivity and cost gains for many knowledge‑work tasks (often in the 10–50% range in controlled or early‑adopter settings).
  • Adoption and intensity of use remain partial, so economy‑wide effects on white‑collar knowledge work costs are modest, not transformative at 10x scale.
  • By the end of the roughly 1–2.5 year window from April 2023, neither micro‑level studies nor macro statistics support a ~90% reduction in the effective cost of knowledge work.

Because the prediction was both quantitatively extreme (90% drop) and time‑bound to a window that has now passed, and available data show much smaller, partial gains, the prediction is best classified as wrong.